Hick's Law Task

Processing Speed Duration: ~7 minutes
Hick's Law Task screenshot

System Requirements

🖥️
Screen Size:
Minimum: 1024×768
Recommended: 1280×800
⌨️
Keyboard required
⚠️
Color discrimination required
May be challenging for colorblind participants

Description

Demonstration of Hick's Law showing that reaction time increases logarithmically with the number of response choices

About This Test

The PEBL Hick's Law Task demonstrates the fundamental relationship between the number of response alternatives and reaction time, known as Hick-Hyman Law.\n\n**Task Structure**: Participants respond by pressing number keys (1234567890) arranged across the keyboard corresponding to their fingers. On each trial, one of the valid response positions is highlighted in red, and participants must press the corresponding number key as quickly and accurately as possible.\n\n**Block Design**: The task progresses through multiple blocks with increasing response alternatives:\n- Block 1: 1 option (key 5 only)\n- Block 2: 2 options (keys 5-6)\n- Block 3: 3 options (keys 5-6-7)\n- Block 4: 4 options (keys 4-5-6-7)\n- Block 5: 6 options (keys 3-4-5-6-7-8)\n- Block 6: 8 options (keys 2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9)\n\nEach block contains 50 trials by default. Valid response keys are shown in white, while invalid keys appear in dark grey.\n\n**Response Method**: Participants place their hands on the number row with left index finger on 5 and right index finger on 6. This creates a natural finger mapping where each number corresponds to a specific finger position.\n\n**Feedback**: Optional trial-by-trial feedback ('CORRECT' / 'INCORRECT') can be provided based on task parameters.\n\n**Theoretical Basis**: Hick's Law (1952) and Hyman (1953) demonstrated that choice reaction time increases linearly with the logarithm (base 2) of the number of equiprobable alternatives: RT = a + b*log2(n), where n is the number of choices. This relationship reflects the information-processing demands of selecting among multiple response options.\n\n**Use Cases**: Educational demonstration of information processing, human factors research, baseline choice reaction time assessment, and illustration of speed-accuracy tradeoffs in decision making.

Test Details

Test ID:
hicks
Main File:
hicks.pbl
Parameters:
0 configurable parameters
Languages:
German English Spanish French Italian Dutch Portuguese

🚀 Try Without Registration

Run this test immediately without creating an account. Data stays in your browser.

Scientific Background

Original Task References:

These references describe the original task that this PEBL implementation is based on.

  • Hick, W. E. (1952). On the rate of gain of information. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 4(1), 11-26.
  • Hyman, R. (1953). Stimulus information as a determinant of reaction time. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 45(3), 188-196.
  • Merkel, J. (1885). Die zeitlichen Verhältnisse der Willensthätigkeit. Philosophische Studien, 2, 73-127.
  • Teichner, W. H., & Krebs, M. J. (1974). Laws of visual choice reaction time. Psychological Review, 81(1), 75-98.
  • Proctor, R. W., & Schneider, D. W. (2018). Hick's law for choice reaction time: A review. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(6), 1281-1299.

Data Output

Output File:
hicks-{subnum}.csv
Format:
CSV + TXT summary

Data Columns

Column Name Description
subnum Participant ID
block Block number (1-indexed, increments with each new set size)
numtrials Total number of trials in current block
trial Trial number within current block (1-indexed)
opts Valid response options for this block (pipe-delimited, e.g., '5' or '5|6' or '4|5|6|7')
numopts Number of valid response options (set size: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8)
delay Inter-trial interval duration in milliseconds (randomly sampled from itiMin to itiMax range)
stim Stimulus position indicated by highlight (1-10 corresponding to keys 1234567890)
resp Participant's key press response (1-10 for keys 1234567890, where 10 represents key 0)
correctresp Correct response value (same as stim, except 10 is recoded to 0 for key '0')
correct Response accuracy (1=correct, 0=incorrect)
rt Reaction time in milliseconds from stimulus onset to key press

Scoring and Interpretation

Primary dependent variable is reaction time (RT) as a function of number of response alternatives (numopts). Hick's Law predicts linear relationship between RT and log2(numopts). Typical analysis: plot mean RT vs log2(numopts) and fit linear regression. Slope (b coefficient) reflects information processing rate. Accuracy should remain high (>90%) across all set sizes for valid test. Exclude trials with RT < 150ms (anticipations) or RT > 2000ms (lapses).

About This Test

Demonstration of Hick's Law showing that reaction time increases logarithmically with the number of response choices

Category: Processing Speed
Estimated Duration: 7 minutes
Available Translations: 7 languages

Documentation Sources:
Test implementation, Parameter schema

Documentation Status: Complete